EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: A wildlife research company has a set of images of lions and cheetahs. The company created a dataset of the images. The company labeled each image with a binary label that indicates whether an image contains a lion or cheetah. The company wants to train a model to identify whether new images contain a lion or cheetah.
.... Dh Amazon SageMaker algorithm will meet this requirement?

Question2: A data scientist obtains a tabular dataset that contains 150 correlated features with different ranges to build a regression model. The data scientist needs to achieve more efficient model training by implementing a solution that minimizes impact on the model's performance. The data scientist decides to perform a principal component analysis (PCA) preprocessing step to reduce the number of features to a smaller set of independent features before the data scientist uses the new features in the regression model.
Which preprocessing step will meet these requirements?

Question3: A company wants to use automatic speech recognition (ASR) to transcribe messages that are less than 60 seconds long from a voicemail-style application. The company requires the correct identification of 200 unique product names, some of which have unique spellings or pronunciations.
The company has 4,000 words of Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth voicemail transcripts it can use to customize the chosen ASR model. The company needs to ensure that everyone can update their customizations multiple times each hour.
Which approach will maximize transcription accuracy during the development phase?

Question4: A medical device company is building a machine learning (ML) model to predict the likelihood of device recall based on customer data that the company collects from a plain text survey. One of the survey questions asks which medications the customer is taking. The data for this field contains the names of medications that customers enter manually. Customers misspell some of the medication names. The column that contains the medication name data gives a categorical feature with high cardinality but redundancy.
What is the MOST effective way to encode this categorical feature into a numeric feature?

Question5: An automotive company uses computer vision in its autonomous cars. The company trained its object detection models successfully by using transfer learning from a convolutional neural network (CNN). The company trained the models by using PyTorch through the Amazon SageMaker SDK.
The vehicles have limited hardware and compute power. The company wants to optimize the model to reduce memory, battery, and hardware consumption without a significant sacrifice in accuracy.
Which solution will improve the computational efficiency of the models?

Question6: A company provisions Amazon SageMaker notebook instances for its data science team and creates Amazon VPC interface endpoints to ensure communication between the VPC and the notebook instances. All connections to the Amazon SageMaker API are contained entirely and securely using the AWS network. However, the data science team realizes that individuals outside the VPC can still connect to the notebook instances across the internet.
Which set of actions should the data science team take to fix the issue?

Question7: A data scientist is training a large PyTorch model by using Amazon SageMaker. It takes 10 hours on average to train the model on GPU instances. The data scientist suspects that training is not converging and that resource utilization is not optimal.
What should the data scientist do to identify and address training issues with the LEAST development effort?

Question8: A Machine Learning Specialist was given a dataset consisting of unlabeled data The Specialist must create a model that can help the team classify the data into different buckets What model should be used to complete this work?

Question9: A machine learning specialist is developing a regression model to predict rental rates from rental listings. A variable named Wall_Color represents the most prominent exterior wall color of the property. The following is the sample data, excluding all other variables:

The specialist chose a model that needs numerical input data.
Which feature engineering approaches should the specialist use to allow the regression model to learn from the Wall_Color data? (Choose two.)

Question10: A company wants to classify user behavior as either fraudulent or normal. Based on internal research, a Machine Learning Specialist would like to build a binary classifier based on two features: age of account and transaction month. The class distribution for these features is illustrated in the figure provided.

Based on this information which model would have the HIGHEST accuracy?

Question11: A company operates large cranes at a busy port. The company plans to use machine learning (ML) for predictive maintenance of the cranes to avoid unexpected breakdowns and to improve productivity.
The company already uses sensor data from each crane to monitor the health of the cranes in real time. The sensor data includes rotation speed, tension, energy consumption, vibration, pressure, and ...perature for each crane. The company contracts AWS ML experts to implement an ML solution.
Which potential findings would indicate that an ML-based solution is suitable for this scenario? (Select TWO.)

Question12: A company wants to conduct targeted marketing to sell solar panels to homeowners. The company wants to use machine learning (ML) technologies to identify which houses already have solar panels. The company has collected 8,000 satellite images as training data and will use Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth to label the data.
The company has a small internal team that is working on the project. The internal team has no ML expertise and no ML experience.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort from the internal team?

Question13: A Machine Learning Specialist is working with a large cybersecurily company that manages security events in real time for companies around the world The cybersecurity company wants to design a solution that will allow it to use machine learning to score malicious events as anomalies on the data as it is being ingested The company also wants be able to save the results in its data lake for later processing and analysis What is the MOST efficient way to accomplish these tasks'?

Question14: A data science team is working with a tabular dataset that the team stores in Amazon S3. The team wants to experiment with different feature transformations such as categorical feature encoding. Then the team wants to visualize the resulting distribution of the dataset. After the team finds an appropriate set of feature transformations, the team wants to automate the workflow for feature transformations.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Question15: A manufacturer is operating a large number of factories with a complex supply chain relationship where unexpected downtime of a machine can cause production to stop at several factories. A data scientist wants to analyze sensor data from the factories to identify equipment in need of preemptive maintenance and then dispatch a service team to prevent unplanned downtime. The sensor readings from a single machine can include up to 200 data points including temperatures, voltages, vibrations, RPMs, and pressure readings.
To collect this sensor data, the manufacturer deployed Wi-Fi and LANs across the factories. Even though many factory locations do not have reliable or high-speed internet connectivity, the manufacturer would like to maintain near-real-time inference capabilities.
Which deployment architecture for the model will address these business requirements?

Question16: A data scientist is developing a pipeline to ingest streaming web traffic dat a. The data scientist needs to implement a process to identify unusual web traffic patterns as part of the pipeline. The patterns will be used downstream for alerting and incident response. The data scientist has access to unlabeled historic data to use, if needed.
The solution needs to do the following:
Calculate an anomaly score for each web traffic entry.
Adapt unusual event identification to changing web patterns over time.
Which approach should the data scientist implement to meet these requirements?

Question17: A Data Science team within a large company uses Amazon SageMaker notebooks to access data stored in Amazon S3 buckets. The IT Security team is concerned that internet-enabled notebook instances create a security vulnerability where malicious code running on the instances could compromise data privacy. The company mandates that all instances stay within a secured VPC with no internet access, and data communication traffic must stay within the AWS network.
How should the Data Science team configure the notebook instance placement to meet these requirements?

Question18: A Machine Learning Specialist works for a credit card processing company and needs to predict which transactions may be fraudulent in near-real time. Specifically, the Specialist must train a model that returns the probability that a given transaction may fraudulent.
How should the Specialist frame this business problem?

Question19: A Machine Learning Specialist uploads a dataset to an Amazon S3 bucket protected with server-side encryption using AWS KMS.
How should the ML Specialist define the Amazon SageMaker notebook instance so it can read the same dataset from Amazon S3?

Question20: A Machine Learning Specialist is configuring Amazon SageMaker so multiple Data Scientists can access notebooks, train models, and deploy endpoints. To ensure the best operational performance, the Specialist needs to be able to track how often the Scientists are deploying models, GPU and CPU utilization on the deployed SageMaker endpoints, and all errors that are generated when an endpoint is invoked.
Which services are integrated with Amazon SageMaker to track this information? (Select TWO.)

Question21: A company is running a machine learning prediction service that generates 100 TB of predictions every day A Machine Learning Specialist must generate a visualization of the daily precision-recall curve from the predictions, and forward a read-only version to the Business team.
Which solution requires the LEAST coding effort?

Question22: A financial services company is building a robust serverless data lake on Amazon S3. The data lake should be flexible and meet the following requirements:
* Support querying old and new data on Amazon S3 through Amazon Athena and Amazon Redshift Spectrum.
* Support event-driven ETL pipelines.
* Provide a quick and easy way to understand metadata.
Which approach meets trfese requirements?

Question23: A data scientist at a financial services company used Amazon SageMaker to train and deploy a model that predicts loan defaults. The model analyzes new loan applications and predicts the risk of loan default. To train the model, the data scientist manually extracted loan data from a database. The data scientist performed the model training and deployment steps in a Jupyter notebook that is hosted on SageMaker Studio notebooks. The model's prediction accuracy is decreasing over time. Which combination of slept in the MOST operationally efficient way for the data scientist to maintain the model's accuracy? (Select TWO.)

Question24: A Data Scientist is training a multilayer perception (MLP) on a dataset with multiple classes. The target class of interest is unique compared to the other classes within the dataset, but it does not achieve and acceptable ecall metric. The Data Scientist has already tried varying the number and size of the MLP's hidden layers, which has not significantly improved the results. A solution to improve recall must be implemented as quickly as possible.
Which techniques should be used to meet these requirements?

Question25: A company is planning a marketing campaign to promote a new product to existing customers. The company has data (or past promotions that are similar. The company decides to try an experiment to send a more expensive marketing package to a smaller number of customers. The company wants to target the marketing campaign to customers who are most likely to buy the new product. The experiment requires that at least 90% of the customers who are likely to purchase the new product receive the marketing materials.
...company trains a model by using the linear learner algorithm in Amazon SageMaker. The model has a recall score of 80% and a precision of 75%.
...should the company retrain the model to meet these requirements?

Question26: A Machine Learning Specialist is applying a linear least squares regression model to a dataset with 1 000 records and 50 features Prior to training, the ML Specialist notices that two features are perfectly linearly dependent Why could this be an issue for the linear least squares regression model?

Question27: A Data Scientist is working on an application that performs sentiment analysis. The validation accuracy is poor and the Data Scientist thinks that the cause may be a rich vocabulary and a low average frequency of words in the dataset Which tool should be used to improve the validation accuracy?

Question28: A beauty supply store wants to understand some characteristics of visitors to the store. The store has security video recordings from the past several years. The store wants to generate a report of hourly visitors from the recordings. The report should group visitors by hair style and hair color.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort?

Question29: A company wants to predict stock market price trends. The company stores stock market data each business day in Amazon S3 in Apache Parquet format. The company stores 20 GB of data each day for each stock code.
A data engineer must use Apache Spark to perform batch preprocessing data transformations quickly so the company can complete prediction jobs before the stock market opens the next day. The company plans to track more stock market codes and needs a way to scale the preprocessing data transformations.
Which AWS service or feature will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort over time?

Question30: A law firm handles thousands of contracts every day. Every contract must be signed. Currently, a lawyer manually checks all contracts for signatures.
The law firm is developing a machine learning (ML) solution to automate signature detection for each contract. The ML solution must also provide a confidence score for each contract page.
Which Amazon Textract API action can the law firm use to generate a confidence score for each page of each contract?

Question31: A data scientist uses an Amazon SageMaker notebook instance to conduct data exploration and analysis. This requires certain Python packages that are not natively available on Amazon SageMaker to be installed on the notebook instance.
How can a machine learning specialist ensure that required packages are automatically available on the notebook instance for the data scientist to use?

Question32: A Machine Learning Specialist is using Amazon Sage Maker to host a model for a highly available customer-facing application.
The Specialist has trained a new version of the model, validated it with historical data, and now wants to deploy it to production To limit any risk of a negative customer experience, the Specialist wants to be able to monitor the model and roll it back, if needed What is the SIMPLEST approach with the LEAST risk to deploy the model and roll it back, if needed?

Question33: IT leadership wants Jo transition a company's existing machine learning data storage environment to AWS as a temporary ad hoc solution The company currently uses a custom software process that heavily leverages SOL as a query language and exclusively stores generated csv documents for machine learning The ideal state for the company would be a solution that allows it to continue to use the current workforce of SQL experts The solution must also support the storage of csv and JSON files, and be able to query over semi-structured data The following are high priorities for the company:
* Solution simplicity
* Fast development time
* Low cost
* High flexibility
What technologies meet the company's requirements?

Question34: A Machine Learning Specialist is developing a daily ETL workflow containing multiple ETL jobs The workflow consists of the following processes
* Start the workflow as soon as data is uploaded to Amazon S3
* When all the datasets are available in Amazon S3, start an ETL job to join the uploaded datasets with multiple terabyte-sized datasets already stored in Amazon S3
* Store the results of joining datasets in Amazon S3
* If one of the jobs fails, send a notification to the Administrator
Which configuration will meet these requirements?

Question35: An online store is predicting future book sales by using a linear regression model that is based on past sales dat a. The data includes duration, a numerical feature that represents the number of days that a book has been listed in the online store. A data scientist performs an exploratory data analysis and discovers that the relationship between book sales and duration is skewed and non-linear.
Which data transformation step should the data scientist take to improve the predictions of the model?

Question36: A retail company uses a machine learning (ML) model for daily sales forecasting. The company's brand manager reports that the model has provided inaccurate results for the past 3 weeks.
At the end of each day, an AWS Glue job consolidates the input data that is used for the forecasting with the actual daily sales data and the predictions of the model. The AWS Glue job stores the data in Amazon S3. The company's ML team is using an Amazon SageMaker Studio notebook to gain an understanding about the source of the model's inaccuracies.
What should the ML team do on the SageMaker Studio notebook to visualize the model's degradation MOST accurately?

Question37: A data scientist has developed a machine learning translation model for English to Japanese by using Amazon SageMaker's built-in seq2seq algorithm with 500,000 aligned sentence pairs. While testing with sample sentences, the data scientist finds that the translation quality is reasonable for an example as short as five words. However, the quality becomes unacceptable if the sentence is 100 words long.
Which action will resolve the problem?

Question38: A web-based company wants to improve its conversion rate on its landing page Using a large historical dataset of customer visits, the company has repeatedly trained a multi-class deep learning network algorithm on Amazon SageMaker However there is an overfitting problem training data shows 90% accuracy in predictions, while test data shows 70% accuracy only The company needs to boost the generalization of its model before deploying it into production to maximize conversions of visits to purchases Which action is recommended to provide the HIGHEST accuracy model for the company's test and validation data?

Question39: A Data Scientist is building a linear regression model and will use resulting p-values to evaluate the statistical significance of each coefficient. Upon inspection of the dataset, the Data Scientist discovers that most of the features are normally distributed. The plot of one feature in the dataset is shown in the graphic.

What transformation should the Data Scientist apply to satisfy the statistical assumptions of the linear regression model?

Question40: During mini-batch training of a neural network for a classification problem, a Data Scientist notices that training accuracy oscillates What is the MOST likely cause of this issue?

Question41: A company is building a new version of a recommendation engine. Machine learning (ML) specialists need to keep adding new data from users to improve personalized recommendations. The ML specialists gather data from the users' interactions on the platform and from sources such as external websites and social media.
The pipeline cleans, transforms, enriches, and compresses terabytes of data daily, and this data is stored in Amazon S3. A set of Python scripts was coded to do the job and is stored in a large Amazon EC2 instance. The whole process takes more than 20 hours to finish, with each script taking at least an hour. The company wants to move the scripts out of Amazon EC2 into a more managed solution that will eliminate the need to maintain servers.
Which approach will address all of these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Question42: A company has set up and deployed its machine learning (ML) model into production with an endpoint using Amazon SageMaker hosting services. The ML team has configured automatic scaling for its SageMaker instances to support workload changes. During testing, the team notices that additional instances are being launched before the new instances are ready. This behavior needs to change as soon as possible.
How can the ML team solve this issue?

Question43: A Machine Learning Specialist is deciding between building a naive Bayesian model or a full Bayesian network for a classification problem. The Specialist computes the Pearson correlation coefficients between each feature and finds that their absolute values range between 0.1 to 0.95.
Which model describes the underlying data in this situation?

Question44: A Marketing Manager at a pet insurance company plans to launch a targeted marketing campaign on social media to acquire new customers Currently, the company has the following data in Amazon Aurora
* Profiles for all past and existing customers
* Profiles for all past and existing insured pets
* Policy-level information
* Premiums received
* Claims paid
What steps should be taken to implement a machine learning model to identify potential new customers on social media?

Question45: An e commerce company wants to launch a new cloud-based product recommendation feature for its web application. Due to data localization regulations, any sensitive data must not leave its on-premises data center, and the product recommendation model must be trained and tested using nonsensitive data only. Data transfer to the cloud must use IPsec. The web application is hosted on premises with a PostgreSQL database that contains all the dat a. The company wants the data to be uploaded securely to Amazon S3 each day for model retraining.
How should a machine learning specialist meet these requirements?

Question46: The Chief Editor for a product catalog wants the Research and Development team to build a machine learning system that can be used to detect whether or not individuals in a collection of images are wearing the company's retail brand The team has a set of training data Which machine learning algorithm should the researchers use that BEST meets their requirements?

Question47: A company uses sensors on devices such as motor engines and factory machines to measure parameters, temperature and pressure. The company wants to use the sensor data to predict equipment malfunctions and reduce services outages.
The Machine learning (ML) specialist needs to gather the sensors data to train a model to predict device malfunctions The ML spoctafst must ensure that the data does not contain outliers before training the ..el.
What can the ML specialist meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Question48: A social media company wants to develop a machine learning (ML) model to detect Inappropriate or offensive content in images. The company has collected a large dataset of labeled images and plans to use the built-in Amazon SageMaker image classification algorithm to train the model. The company also intends to use SageMaker pipe mode to speed up the training.
...company splits the dataset into training, validation, and testing datasets. The company stores the training and validation images in folders that are named Training and Validation, respectively. The folder ...ain subfolders that correspond to the names of the dataset classes. The company resizes the images to the same sue and generates two input manifest files named training.1st and validation.1st, for the ..ing dataset and the validation dataset. respectively. Finally, the company creates two separate Amazon S3 buckets for uploads of the training dataset and the validation dataset.
...h additional data preparation steps should the company take before uploading the files to Amazon S3?

Question49: A data engineer at a bank is evaluating a new tabular dataset that includes customer dat a. The data engineer will use the customer data to create a new model to predict customer behavior. After creating a correlation matrix for the variables, the data engineer notices that many of the 100 features are highly correlated with each other.
Which steps should the data engineer take to address this issue? (Choose two.)

Question50: A telecommunications company is developing a mobile app for its customers. The company is using an Amazon SageMaker hosted endpoint for machine learning model inferences.
Developers want to introduce a new version of the model for a limited number of users who subscribed to a preview feature of the app. After the new version of the model is tested as a preview, developers will evaluate its accuracy. If a new version of the model has better accuracy, developers need to be able to gradually release the new version for all users over a fixed period of time.
How can the company implement the testing model with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

Question51: A Machine Learning Specialist is building a model to predict future employment rates based on a wide range of economic factors While exploring the data, the Specialist notices that the magnitude of the input features vary greatly The Specialist does not want variables with a larger magnitude to dominate the model What should the Specialist do to prepare the data for model training'?

Question52: A Machine Learning Specialist needs to move and transform data in preparation for training Some of the data needs to be processed in near-real time and other data can be moved hourly There are existing Amazon EMR MapReduce jobs to clean and feature engineering to perform on the data Which of the following services can feed data to the MapReduce jobs? (Select TWO )

Question53: A Data Scientist wants to gain real-time insights into a data stream of GZIP files. Which solution would allow the use of SQL to query the stream with the LEAST latency?

Question54: A company's data scientist has trained a new machine learning model that performs better on test data than the company's existing model performs in the production environment. The data scientist wants to replace the existing model that runs on an Amazon SageMaker endpoint in the production environment. However, the company is concerned that the new model might not work well on the production environment data.
The data scientist needs to perform A/B testing in the production environment to evaluate whether the new model performs well on production environment data.
Which combination of steps must the data scientist take to perform the A/B testing? (Choose two.)

Question55: A medical imaging company wants to train a computer vision model to detect areas of concern on patients' CT scans. The company has a large collection of unlabeled CT scans that are linked to each patient and stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The scans must be accessible to authorized users only. A machine learning engineer needs to build a labeling pipeline.
Which set of steps should the engineer take to build the labeling pipeline with the LEAST effort?

Question56: A company is converting a large number of unstructured paper receipts into images. The company wants to create a model based on natural language processing (NLP) to find relevant entities such as date, location, and notes, as well as some custom entities such as receipt numbers.
The company is using optical character recognition (OCR) to extract text for data labeling. However, documents are in different structures and formats, and the company is facing challenges with setting up the manual workflows for each document type. Additionally, the company trained a named entity recognition (NER) model for custom entity detection using a small sample size. This model has a very low confidence score and will require retraining with a large dataset.
Which solution for text extraction and entity detection will require the LEAST amount of effort?

Question57: A manufacturing company wants to create a machine learning (ML) model to predict when equipment is likely to fail. A data science team already constructed a deep learning model by using TensorFlow and a custom Python script in a local environment. The company wants to use Amazon SageMaker to train the model.
Which TensorFlow estimator configuration will train the model MOST cost-effectively?

Question58: A Machine Learning Specialist is configuring automatic model tuning in Amazon SageMaker When using the hyperparameter optimization feature, which of the following guidelines should be followed to improve optimization?
Choose the maximum number of hyperparameters supported by

Question59: A retail company is ingesting purchasing records from its network of 20,000 stores to Amazon S3 by using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. The company uses a small, server-based application in each store to send the data to AWS over the internet. The company uses this data to train a machine learning model that is retrained each day. The company's data science team has identified existing attributes on these records that could be combined to create an improved model.
Which change will create the required transformed records with the LEAST operational overhead?

Question60: Example Corp has an annual sale event from October to December. The company has sequential sales data from the past 15 years and wants to use Amazon ML to predict the sales for this year's upcoming event. Which method should Example Corp use to split the data into a training dataset and evaluation dataset?

Question61: A media company wants to create a solution that identifies celebrities in pictures that users upload. The company also wants to identify the IP address and the timestamp details from the users so the company can prevent users from uploading pictures from unauthorized locations.
Which solution will meet these requirements with LEAST development effort?

Question62: A data engineer is preparing a dataset that a retail company will use to predict the number of visitors to stores. The data engineer created an Amazon S3 bucket. The engineer subscribed the S3 bucket to an AWS Data Exchange data product for general economic indicators. The data engineer wants to join the economic indicator data to an existing table in Amazon Athena to merge with the business dat a. All these transformations must finish running in 30-60 minutes.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Question63: A company will use Amazon SageMaker to train and host a machine learning (ML) model for a marketing campaign. The majority of data is sensitive customer dat a. The data must be encrypted at rest. The company wants AWS to maintain the root of trust for the master keys and wants encryption key usage to be logged.
Which implementation will meet these requirements?

Question64: A Machine Learning Specialist is preparing data for training on Amazon SageMaker The Specialist is transformed into a numpy .array, which appears to be negatively affecting the speed of the training What should the Specialist do to optimize the data for training on SageMaker'?

Question65: A Data Scientist is building a model to predict customer churn using a dataset of 100 continuous numerical features. The Marketing team has not provided any insight about which features are relevant for churn prediction. The Marketing team wants to interpret the model and see the direct impact of relevant features on the model outcome. While training a logistic regression model, the Data Scientist observes that there is a wide gap between the training and validation set accuracy.
Which methods can the Data Scientist use to improve the model performance and satisfy the Marketing team's needs? (Choose two.)

Question66: A machine learning (ML) specialist wants to create a data preparation job that uses a PySpark script with complex window aggregation operations to create data for training and testing. The ML specialist needs to evaluate the impact of the number of features and the sample count on model performance.
Which approach should the ML specialist use to determine the ideal data transformations for the model?

Question67: A data scientist is trying to improve the accuracy of a neural network classification model. The data scientist wants to run a large hyperparameter tuning job in Amazon SageMaker.
However, previous smaller tuning jobs on the same model often ran for several weeks. The ML specialist wants to reduce the computation time required to run the tuning job.
Which actions will MOST reduce the computation time for the hyperparameter tuning job? (Select TWO.)

Question68: A company supplies wholesale clothing to thousands of retail stores. A data scientist must create a model that predicts the daily sales volume for each item for each store. The data scientist discovers that more than half of the stores have been in business for less than 6 months. Sales data is highly consistent from week to week. Daily data from the database has been aggregated weekly, and weeks with no sales are omitted from the current dataset. Five years (100 MB) of sales data is available in Amazon S3.
Which factors will adversely impact the performance of the forecast model to be developed, and which actions should the data scientist take to mitigate them? (Choose two.)

Question69: A Machine Learning Specialist wants to bring a custom algorithm to Amazon SageMaker. The Specialist implements the algorithm in a Docker container supported by Amazon SageMaker.
How should the Specialist package the Docker container so that Amazon SageMaker can launch the training correctly?

Question70: A company is using Amazon SageMaker to build a machine learning (ML) model to predict customer churn based on customer call transcripts. Audio files from customer calls are located in an on-premises VoIP system that has petabytes of recorded calls. The on-premises infrastructure has high-velocity networking and connects to the company's AWS infrastructure through a VPN connection over a 100 Mbps connection.
The company has an algorithm for transcribing customer calls that requires GPUs for inference. The company wants to store these transcriptions in an Amazon S3 bucket in the AWS Cloud for model development.
Which solution should an ML specialist use to deliver the transcriptions to the S3 bucket as quickly as possible?

Question71: A company is using Amazon Textract to extract textual data from thousands of scanned text-heavy legal documents daily. The company uses this information to process loan applications automatically. Some of the documents fail business validation and are returned to human reviewers, who investigate the errors. This activity increases the time to process the loan applications.
What should the company do to reduce the processing time of loan applications?

Question72: A manufacturing company has structured and unstructured data stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. A Machine Learning Specialist wants to use SQL to run queries on this data.
Which solution requires the LEAST effort to be able to query this data?

Question73: A trucking company is collecting live image data from its fleet of trucks across the globe. The data is growing rapidly and approximately 100 GB of new data is generated every day. The company wants to explore machine learning uses cases while ensuring the data is only accessible to specific IAM users.
Which storage option provides the most processing flexibility and will allow access control with IAM?

Question74: A Machine Learning Specialist needs to create a data repository to hold a large amount of time-based training data for a new model. In the source system, new files are added every hour Throughout a single 24-hour period, the volume of hourly updates will change significantly. The Specialist always wants to train on the last 24 hours of the data Which type of data repository is the MOST cost-effective solution?

Question75: An employee found a video clip with audio on a company's social media feed. The language used in the video is Spanish. English is the employee's first language, and they do not understand Spanish. The employee wants to do a sentiment analysis.
What combination of services is the MOST efficient to accomplish the task?

Question76: A company is building a predictive maintenance model based on machine learning (ML). The data is stored in a fully private Amazon S3 bucket that is encrypted at rest with AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) CMKs. An ML specialist must run data preprocessing by using an Amazon SageMaker Processing job that is triggered from code in an Amazon SageMaker notebook. The job should read data from Amazon S3, process it, and upload it back to the same S3 bucket. The preprocessing code is stored in a container image in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). The ML specialist needs to grant permissions to ensure a smooth data preprocessing workflow.
Which set of actions should the ML specialist take to meet these requirements?

Question77: A machine learning (ML) specialist is using Amazon SageMaker hyperparameter optimization (HPO) to improve a model's accuracy. The learning rate parameter is specified in the following HPO configuration:

During the results analysis, the ML specialist determines that most of the training jobs had a learning rate between 0.01 and 0.1. The best result had a learning rate of less than 0.01. Training jobs need to run regularly over a changing dataset. The ML specialist needs to find a tuning mechanism that uses different learning rates more evenly from the provided range between MinValue and MaxValue.
Which solution provides the MOST accurate result?

Question78: A large JSON dataset for a project has been uploaded to a private Amazon S3 bucket The Machine Learning Specialist wants to securely access and explore the data from an Amazon SageMaker notebook instance A new VPC was created and assigned to the Specialist How can the privacy and integrity of the data stored in Amazon S3 be maintained while granting access to the Specialist for analysis?

Question79: A technology startup is using complex deep neural networks and GPU compute to recommend the company's products to its existing customers based upon each customer's habits and interactions. The solution currently pulls each dataset from an Amazon S3 bucket before loading the data into a TensorFlow model pulled from the company's Git repository that runs locally. This job then runs for several hours while continually outputting its progress to the same S3 bucket. The job can be paused, restarted, and continued at any time in the event of a failure, and is run from a central queue.
Senior managers are concerned about the complexity of the solution's resource management and the costs involved in repeating the process regularly. They ask for the workload to be automated so it runs once a week, starting Monday and completing by the close of business Friday.
Which architecture should be used to scale the solution at the lowest cost?

Question80: An ecommerce company has used Amazon SageMaker to deploy a factorization machines (FM) model to suggest products for customers. The company's data science team has developed two new models by using the TensorFlow and PyTorch deep learning frameworks. The company needs to use A/B testing to evaluate the new models against the deployed model.
...required A/B testing setup is as follows:
* Send 70% of traffic to the FM model, 15% of traffic to the TensorFlow model, and 15% of traffic to the Py Torch model.
* For customers who are from Europe, send all traffic to the TensorFlow model
..sh architecture can the company use to implement the required A/B testing setup?

Question81: A company is setting up a mechanism for data scientists and engineers from different departments to access an Amazon SageMaker Studio domain. Each department has a unique SageMaker Studio domain.
The company wants to build a central proxy application that data scientists and engineers can log in to by using their corporate credentials. The proxy application will authenticate users by using the company's existing Identity provider (IdP). The application will then route users to the appropriate SageMaker Studio domain.
The company plans to maintain a table in Amazon DynamoDB that contains SageMaker domains for each department.
How should the company meet these requirements?

Question82: A Data Scientist is working on an application that performs sentiment analysis. The validation accuracy is poor and the Data Scientist thinks that the cause may be a rich vocabulary and a low average frequency of words in the dataset Which tool should be used to improve the validation accuracy?

Question83: A machine learning specialist is developing a proof of concept for government users whose primary concern is security. The specialist is using Amazon SageMaker to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for a photo classifier application. The specialist wants to protect the data so that it cannot be accessed and transferred to a remote host by malicious code accidentally installed on the training container.
Which action will provide the MOST secure protection?

Question84: A city wants to monitor its air quality to address the consequences of air pollution A Machine Learning Specialist needs to forecast the air quality in parts per million of contaminates for the next 2 days in the city as this is a prototype, only daily data from the last year is available Which model is MOST likely to provide the best results in Amazon SageMaker?

Question85: A Machine Learning Specialist at a company sensitive to security is preparing a dataset for model training. The dataset is stored in Amazon S3 and contains Personally Identifiable Information (Pll). The dataset:
* Must be accessible from a VPC only.
* Must not traverse the public internet.
How can these requirements be satisfied?

Question86: A data scientist is working on a forecast problem by using a dataset that consists of .csv files that are stored in Amazon S3. The files contain a timestamp variable in the following format:
March 1st, 2020, 08:14pm -
There is a hypothesis about seasonal differences in the dependent variable. This number could be higher or lower for weekdays because some days and hours present varying values, so the day of the week, month, or hour could be an important factor. As a result, the data scientist needs to transform the timestamp into weekdays, month, and day as three separate variables to conduct an analysis.
Which solution requires the LEAST operational overhead to create a new dataset with the added features?

Question87: An ecommerce company has developed a XGBoost model in Amazon SageMaker to predict whether a customer will return a purchased item. The dataset is imbalanced. Only 5% of customers return items A data scientist must find the hyperparameters to capture as many instances of returned items as possible. The company has a small budget for compute.
How should the data scientist meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Question88: A Data Scientist needs to analyze employment dat
a. The dataset contains approximately 10 million
observations on people across 10 different features. During the preliminary analysis, the Data Scientist notices that income and age distributions are not normal. While income levels shows a right skew as expected, with fewer individuals having a higher income, the age distribution also show a right skew, with fewer older individuals participating in the workforce.
Which feature transformations can the Data Scientist apply to fix the incorrectly skewed data? (Choose two.)

Question89: A data scientist receives a collection of insurance claim records. Each record includes a claim ID. the final outcome of the insurance claim, and the date of the final outcome.
The final outcome of each claim is a selection from among 200 outcome categories. Some claim records include only partial information. However, incomplete claim records include only 3 or 4 outcome ...gones from among the 200 available outcome categories. The collection includes hundreds of records for each outcome category. The records are from the previous 3 years.
The data scientist must create a solution to predict the number of claims that will be in each outcome category every month, several months in advance.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question90: Which of the following metrics should a Machine Learning Specialist generally use to compare/evaluate machine learning classification models against each other?

Question91: An insurance company developed a new experimental machine learning (ML) model to replace an existing model that is in production. The company must validate the quality of predictions from the new experimental model in a production environment before the company uses the new experimental model to serve general user requests.
Which one model can serve user requests at a time. The company must measure the performance of the new experimental model without affecting the current live traffic Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question92: A Machine Learning Specialist is packaging a custom ResNet model into a Docker container so the company can leverage Amazon SageMaker for training. The Specialist is using Amazon EC2 P3 instances to train the model and needs to properly configure the Docker container to leverage the NVIDIA GPUs.
What does the Specialist need to do?

Question93: An ecommerce company sends a weekly email newsletter to all of its customers. Management has hired a team of writers to create additional targeted content. A data scientist needs to identify five customer segments based on age, income, and location. The customers' current segmentation is unknown. The data scientist previously built an XGBoost model to predict the likelihood of a customer responding to an email based on age, income, and location.
Why does the XGBoost model NOT meet the current requirements, and how can this be fixed?

Question94: A pharmaceutical company performs periodic audits of clinical trial sites to quickly resolve critical findings. The company stores audit documents in text format. Auditors have requested help from a data science team to quickly analyze the documents. The auditors need to discover the 10 main topics within the documents to prioritize and distribute the review work among the auditing team members. Documents that describe adverse events must receive the highest priority.
A data scientist will use statistical modeling to discover abstract topics and to provide a list of the top words for each category to help the auditors assess the relevance of the topic.
Which algorithms are best suited to this scenario? (Choose two.)

Question95: An obtain relator collects the following data on customer orders: demographics, behaviors, location, shipment progress, and delivery time. A data scientist joins all the collected datasets. The result is a single dataset that includes 980 variables.
The data scientist must develop a machine learning (ML) model to identify groups of customers who are likely to respond to a marketing campaign.
Which combination of algorithms should the data scientist use to meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Question96: An engraving company wants to automate its quality control process for plaques. The company performs the process before mailing each customized plaque to a customer. The company has created an Amazon S3 bucket that contains images of defects that should cause a plaque to be rejected. Low-confidence predictions must be sent to an internal team of reviewers who are using Amazon Augmented Al (Amazon A2I).
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question97: A company offers an online shopping service to its customers. The company wants to enhance the site's security by requesting additional information when customers access the site from locations that are different from their normal location. The company wants to update the process to call a machine learning (ML) model to determine when additional information should be requested.
The company has several terabytes of data from its existing ecommerce web servers containing the source IP addresses for each request made to the web server. For authenticated requests, the records also contain the login name of the requesting user.
Which approach should an ML specialist take to implement the new security feature in the web application?

Question98: A Machine Learning Specialist receives customer data for an online shopping website. The data includes demographics, past visits, and locality information. The Specialist must develop a machine learning approach to identify the customer shopping patterns, preferences and trends to enhance the website for better service and smart recommendations.
Which solution should the Specialist recommend?

Question99: A Machine Learning Specialist is given a structured dataset on the shopping habits of a company's customer base. The dataset contains thousands of columns of data and hundreds of numerical columns for each customer. The Specialist wants to identify whether there are natural groupings for these columns across all customers and visualize the results as quickly as possible.
What approach should the Specialist take to accomplish these tasks?

Question100: A data scientist uses Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler to define and perform transformations and feature engineering on historical dat a. The data scientist saves the transformations to SageMaker Feature Store.
The historical data is periodically uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. The data scientist needs to transform the new historic data and add it to the online feature store The data scientist needs to prepare the .....historic data for training and inference by using native integrations.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Question101: A network security vendor needs to ingest telemetry data from thousands of endpoints that run all over the world. The data is transmitted every 30 seconds in the form of records that contain 50 fields. Each record is up to 1 KB in size. The security vendor uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest the dat a. The vendor requires hourly summaries of the records that Kinesis Data Streams ingests. The vendor will use Amazon Athena to query the records and to generate the summaries. The Athena queries will target 7 to 12 of the available data fields.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of customization to transform and store the ingested data?

Question102: A data scientist is working on a public sector project for an urban traffic system. While studying the traffic patterns, it is clear to the data scientist that the traffic behavior at each light is correlated, subject to a small stochastic error term. The data scientist must model the traffic behavior to analyze the traffic patterns and reduce congestion.
How will the data scientist MOST effectively model the problem?

Question103: The displayed graph is from a foresting model for testing a time series.

Considering the graph only, which conclusion should a Machine Learning Specialist make about the behavior of the model?

Question104: A company needs to deploy a chatbot to answer common questions from customers. The chatbot must base its answers on company documentation.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Question105: A manufacturing company uses machine learning (ML) models to detect quality issues. The models use images that are taken of the company's product at the end of each production step. The company has thousands of machines at the production site that generate one image per second on average.
The company ran a successful pilot with a single manufacturing machine. For the pilot, ML specialists used an industrial PC that ran AWS IoT Greengrass with a long-running AWS Lambda function that uploaded the images to Amazon S3. The uploaded images invoked a Lambda function that was written in Python to perform inference by using an Amazon SageMaker endpoint that ran a custom model. The inference results were forwarded back to a web service that was hosted at the production site to prevent faulty products from being shipped.
The company scaled the solution out to all manufacturing machines by installing similarly configured industrial PCs on each production machine. However, latency for predictions increased beyond acceptable limits. Analysis shows that the internet connection is at its capacity limit.
How can the company resolve this issue MOST cost-effectively?

Question106: A Data Engineer needs to build a model using a dataset containing customer credit card information.
How can the Data Engineer ensure the data remains encrypted and the credit card information is secure?

Question107: A Machine Learning Specialist trained a regression model, but the first iteration needs optimizing. The Specialist needs to understand whether the model is more frequently overestimating or underestimating the target.
What option can the Specialist use to determine whether it is overestimating or underestimating the target value?

Question108: A manufacturing company wants to use machine learning (ML) to automate quality control in its facilities. The facilities are in remote locations and have limited internet connectivity. The company has 20 TB of training data that consists of labeled images of defective product parts. The training data is in the corporate on-premises data center.
The company will use this data to train a model for real-time defect detection in new parts as the parts move on a conveyor belt in the facilities. The company needs a solution that minimizes costs for compute infrastructure and that maximizes the scalability of resources for training. The solution also must facilitate the company's use of an ML model in the low-connectivity environments.
Which solution will meet these requirements?